Marriage:
 

Exogamy: rule requiring marriage outside of one's own social group or set of kin
Endogamy: rule requiring marriage inside one's own social or kin group

Polygamy: marriage involving more than two spouses; of two types:
Polygyny: marriage of one man to two or more women
Polyandry: marriage of one woman to two or more men

Bridewealth: (brideprice) valuables "paid" by husband and his kin to wife's kin at marriage (as compensation for her loss)
Dowry: valuables transferred by bride's kin to her, her husband or her children in connection with her marriage (often to cancel her claims on her family's estate)
 

Kinship:

Kinship: relationship based on or modeled on the culturally recognized connection between parents and children
Bilateral kinship: (our system) kinship traced to relatives through any combination of male and female links
Descent: relationship defined by connection to an ancestor or ancestress through a culturally recognized sequence of parent-child links; of two main types:
Patrilineal: stresses father to son to son's sons links; or, all persons are affiliated to father's descent
Matrilineal: stresses mother to daughter to daughter's daughters links; or, all persons are affiliated to mother's descent

Unilineal descent: stressing a single line: either matrilineal or patrilineal
Descent group: a social group of kin whose membership is based on a rule of descent; appropriate descent status entitles a person to be a member of the group; several terms are used to designate different sorts of descent groups, eg: clan, lineage, phratry, moiety

Corporate group: a social group whose members act as a legal individual in terms of collective rights to property, collective responsibilities, etc.; may have membership defined on the basis of kinship or of anything else (e.g., a business)

Agnates: persons related by patrilineal descent
Uterine kin: persons related by matrilineal descent

Consanguines: persons related by "blood" ties
Affines: persons related by marriage: "in-laws"

Kinship terminology: vocabularies used in referring to kin (terms of reference) or speaking with kin (terms of address)