BioPsychoSocial Assessment Tools for the Elderly - Assessment Summary Sheet Test: Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Year: 1982 Domain: Biological Assessment Tool Category: Pain Variations/Translations: Available in English, French, Mandarin Chinese, and Filipino. Setting: Clinical Method of Delivery: Self administered or for use in a clinical interview. Description: The BPI includes four ratings of pain intensity (items 3-7), and seven other ratings on the impact of pain. Intensity is recorded on numerical scales from zero (no pain) to ten (pain as bad as you can imagine). Also, intensity is rated at the time of completing the questionnaires (pain now) as well as its worst, least, and average over the past day or week. The BPI also records the location of the pain on a diagram of a human figure. Patients are also asked to select words that best describe their pain and to indicate the extent and duration of pain relief obtained from analgesics. Scoring/Interpretation: Final intensity scores may represent the worst pain or the average of the four rating. Pain impact is recorded in terms of how much it interferes with seven fields or normal activity. These ratings are made on a zero to ten numeric scales from “no interference” to “interferes completely”. The mean of these scores indicated pain level interference. Time to Administer: Approximately 15 minutes Availability: Available in Cleeland et al. (1994) and in McDowell (2006). Software: N/A Website: N/A Quantitative/Qualitative: Quantitative and Qualitative Validity (Quantitative): From factor analysis, the correlations among the pain intensity ratings (e.g., now, least, worst, average) fell in the range 0.57 to 0.80, whereas correlations on the interference scales ranged from 0.44 to 0.83. Correlations between the intensity and interference ratings went from 0.27 to 0.63. Reliability (Quantitative): Coefficient alpha values for each version are; 0.87 for English version (N=1106). 0.85 for French version (N=324). 0.85 for Mandarin Chinese version (N=200), and 0.80 for the Filipino version (N=267). Alphas for the interference scale are; 0.91 (English), 0.90 (French), 0.91 (Chinese), and 0.86 (Filipino). References: McDowell, I. (2006). Measuring Health: A guide to rating scales and questionnaires (3rd Ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. Cleeland, C.S. & Ryan, K.M. (1994(. Pain assessment: global use of the Brief Pain Inventory. Ann Acad Med Singapore; 23, 129-138. Comments: N/A