BioPsychoSocial Assessment Tools for the Elderly - Assessment Summary Sheet Test: Sit-to-Stand Year: 1995 Domain: Biological Assessment Tool Category: Physical Functioning/ADLs Variations/Translations: There are several variants of this test that have no known clinometric results. Setting: Institutions (eg. long-term care facilities, nursing homes) Method of Delivery: Administered by health care professional. Description: The Sit-to-Stand (STS) test is a physical assessment test that measures the performance of lower extremity muscles. It requires a minimal amount of equipment (only a stopwatch and armless chair is required), giving it an advantage over more costly assessment tests. While previous studies have used chair heights ranging from 40-46 cm, the height of the chair should be consistent if the individual is tested over a series of times. The individual should sit in a straight-backed armless chair that is placed against a wall to prevent slipping/sliding. A full ‘sit to stand’ involves the individual standing up as quickly as possible to a fully erect position and then sitting back down into the chair. The average test requires the completion of 5 consecutive sit to stands. The individual should be allowed one practice sit to stand prior to being timed and the rater should note how much hand assistance is used. Scoring/Interpretation: Interpretation of the test scores vary depending on the population. Generally, those requiring more hand assistance or take longer to complete a sit to stand are representative of poorer scores. Time to Administer: Approximately 10 minutes for 5 sit to stands but variation exists depending on individual and level of fitness. Decreased fitness requires more time. Availability: Protocol available through Bohannon (1995). Software: SPSS Website: N/A Quantitative/Qualitative: Quantitative Validity (Quantitative): N/A. Reliability (Quantitative): Reliability coefficients range from .63-.88. References: Bohannon, R. W. (1995). Sit-to-stand test for measuring performance of lower-extremity muscles. Perceptual and motor skills, 80(1), 163-166. Schaubert, K., & Bohannon, R. W. (2005). Reliability of the sit-to-stand test over dispersed test sessions. Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 13(2), 119-122. Comments: N/A