BioPsychoSocial Assessment Tools for the Elderly - Assessment Summary Sheet

Test: Outcome Expectations for Exercise (OEE) Scale

Year: 2000

Domain: Psychological

Assessment Tool Category: Quality of Life/Satisfaction, Physical Function

Variations/Translations: Outcome Expectations for Exercise Scale - 2 (OEE-2) (2005)

Setting: Home

Method of Delivery: Self-Report Survey

Description: The OEE Scale is a 9-item based on Bandura’s theory of self-efficacy, and it is used to identify older adults’ expectations regarding the effects of exercise. Specifically, the OEE is based on self-efficacy expectations and outcome expectations. Measurement of outcome expectations can potentially further the understanding of what factors explain exercise behaviour in older adults (Resnick, 2001, p. 298).

Scoring/Interpretation: Participants are asked to rate each of the nine items out of (1=Strongly disagree to 5=Strongly agree). The total score is the sum of the 9 items. A higher score indicates more positive outcome expectations regarding exercise.

Time to Administer: 5 to 10 minutes

Availability: Contact authors.

Software: N/A

Website: N/A

Quantitative/Qualitative: Quantitative

Validity (Quantitative): Repeated use of the measure provided evidence of its internal consistency, with coefficients ranging from .88 to .93, and validity with statistically significant correlations between outcome expectations and moderate exercise behaviour in a group of older adults who participated in an intervention study to motivate them to exercise.

Reliability (Quantitative): In Resnick’s (2004) study of 161 residents of a continuing care retirement community, there was strong evidence for reliability, with alpha coefficients of .93 and .80 for positive and negative expectations, respectively. Modest internal consistency was ascertained; however further testing is required.

References:

Resnick, B., Zimmerman, S. I., Orwig, D., Furstenberg, A., & Magaziner, J. (2000). Outcome expectations for exercise scale: Utility and psychometrics. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 55B(6), S352 – S356.

Resnick, B., Zimmerman, S. I., Orwig, D., Furstenberg, A., & Magaziner, J. (2001). Model Testing for Reliability and Validity of the Outcome Expectations for Exercise Scale. Nursing Research, 50(5):293-299.

Resnick, B., Luisi, D., Vogel, A., & Junaleepa, P. (2004). Reliability and validity of the self-efficacy for exercise and outcome expectations for exercise scales with minority older adults. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 12(3), 235 – 247.

Resnick, B. (2005). Reliability and validity of the Outcome Expectations for Exercise Scale -2. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 13, 382-394.

Comments: The OEE-2 scale can be used to identify older adults with low outcome expectations for exercise, and interventions can then be implemented to strengthen these expectations and improve exercise behaviour. Further assessment of this tool is required.