BioPsychoSocial Assessment Tools for the Elderly - Assessment Summary Sheet

Test: Self Efficacy for Exercise (SEE) Scale

Year: 2000

Domain: Psychological

Assessment Tool Category: Self-Efficacy

Variations/Translations: SEE is a revision of McAuley’s Self-Efficacy Barriers to Exercise Measure from 1990 which was unpublished (Resnick & Jenkins, 2000).

Setting: Community/ home

Method of Delivery: Interviewer administered survey

Description: A 9-item questionnaire that focuses on the self-efficacy expectations for exercise for older adults; specifically the ability to continue to exercise despite barriers. The participant is asked about their confidence level, on a scale from 0 (not confident) to 10 (very confident), if they would exercise 3 times per week for 20 minutes during each of the nine situations. The SEE was based on a combined quantitative and qualitative study that explored factors that influenced adherence to a regular walking program for older adults.

Scoring/Interpretation: Total score for SEE is calculated by taking the numerical ratings for each statement and dividing by number of responses. The score indicates the strength of self-efficacy for exercise expectations.

Time to Administer: 15 minutes

Availability: Available as a figure in Resnick & Jenkins (2000) and in the appendix of Resnick et al. (2004)

Software: N/A

Website: N/A

Quantitative/Qualitative: Quantitative

Validity (Quantitative): Sufficient construct & criterion-related validity. SEE scores significantly predicted exercise activity (F = 78.8; p < 0.05), accounting for 30% of the variance in exercise activity.

Reliability (Quantitative): The SEE’s internal consistency is evident by an alpha coefficient of 0.92. The squared multiple correlation coefficients ranged from 0.38 (item 6) to 0.76 (item 2). Three items had a coefficient less than the desired 0.5 (items 4,6 and 7).

References:

Resnick, B. , & Jenkins, L . S. (2000). Testing the reliability and validity of the Self-Efficacy for Exercise Scale. Nursing Research, 49(3), 154-159.

Resnick, B., Luisi, D., Vogel, A., & Junaleepa, P. (2004). Reliability and validity of the self-efficacy for exercise and outcome expectations for exercise scales with minority older adults.  Journal of Nursing Measurement, 12(3), 235-247.

Comments:. The SEE has also been tested in elderly African- and Latino-American populations (Resnick et al. 2004).