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BioPsychoSocial
Assessment Tools for the Elderly - Assessment Summary Sheet
Test:
Arthritis
Impact Measurement Scales (AIMS)
Year:
1980; revised
1991
Domain:
Biological, Psychological, Social
Assessment
Tool Category: Mental
Health, Mobility, Physical Functoning/ADLs, Social Support,
Quality of Life, Disease-Specific
Variations/Translations:
Two versions: the original AIMS and AIMS2
(revised version), and several abbreviated forms. Translated into
various languages including: Spanish, Swedish, Dutch, Italian,
Japanese, French, French Canadian, and British English.
Assessment
Setting: Clinical
Method of
Delivery: Self-administered
questionnaire
Description:
The AIMS cover physical, social and emotional
well-being and were designed as an indicator of the outcome of
care for arthritic patients. The original instrument includes 45
items grouped into 9 Guttman scales that assess mobility, physical
activity (walking, bending, lifting), dexterity, household
activity (managing money, medications, housekeeping), social
activities, ADLs, pain, depression, and anxiety. Most of the
questions refer to problems during the past month. The AIMS2
contains 78 items, the first 57 are grouped into 12 scales. The 12
scales can be further grouped into 5 components: Physical (e.g.
mobility, walking and bending, hand and finger function, arm
function, self-care and household tasks); Symptoms (arthritis
pain); Role (work); Social Interaction (social
activities/support), and Affect (tension and mood). A further 44
items cover satisfaction with health, impact of arthritis on
functioning and priorities for improvement.
Scoring/Interpretation:
In the original AIMS a total health score is
formed by adding the values for 6 of the scales (mobility,
physical and household activities, dexterity, pain and
depression).
In AIMS2, scores for
items in each of the 12 scales are added and converted to a range
of 0 to 10.
Time to
Administer: 15-20 minutes
Availability:
Contact author (below).
Software: N/A
Website: N/A
Quantitative/Qualitative:
Quantitative
Validity
(Quantitative): Original AIMS –
9 scales were correlated with disease activity (r= 0.14-0.52) and
with the American Rheumatism Association functional class
(r=0.24-0.52). AIMS correlated 0.76 with the Functional Status
Questionnaire. A factor analysis of the nine scales provided three
factors: physical function, psychological and pain. Another factor
analysis proposed 5 factors: lower extremity function, upper
extremity function, affects, pain, and social interaction. Changes
in scores were correlated with changes in rating of health. Seven
scales had small effect sizes; physical activity gave moderate
effect size, while pain gave a large effect size.
AIMS2 – Scores
correlated 0.89 with the Health Assessment Questionnaire. AIMS2
correlated much less with disease severity, but correlated with
measures of disease activity for patients with psoriatic arthritis
(0.3-0.5). The physical function score provided slightly greater
sensitivity to change than the Health Assessment Questionnaire,
the pain score more sensitive than the Visual Analogue Scale for
Pain. The mean sensitivity for each item was 0.28 (range
0.18-0.73).
Reliability
(Quantitative): Original AIMS –
alpha internal consistencies of all 9 scales exceeded 0.60, 6
exceeded 0.80. Test-retest correlations for 9 scales exceeded 0.80
after 2 week delay. Mean test-retest reliability was 0.87.
AIMS2 – 10-day
retest intraclass correlation coefficients for each item ranged
from 0.34 to 0.90 with a median of 0.65. Test-retest reliability
for 12 scales ranged from 0.78 to 0.94. Alpha coefficients ranged
from 0.72 to 0.96.
References:
Meenan, R.F.,
Gertman, P.M., & Mason, J.H. (1980). Measuring health status
in arthritis: the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales. Arthritis
Rheum, 23, 146-152.
Meenan, R.F.,
Mason, J.H., Anderson, J.J., et al. (1992). AIMS2: the content and
properties of a revised and expanded Arthritis Impact Measurement
Scales health status questionnaire. Arthritis
Rheum, 35, 1-10.
Comments:
N/A
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