L to R: Mike, Miya, Ryan, Micha, Julie, Andrea, Amy, Emily, Sarah, Jordan, Lindsay, Jeff, Norm, (Bill, Phil, Alex)
This website contains links to airphotos, topographic maps, satellite images, geologic maps, diagrams, and photographs, relevant to the joint Geology/Geography field trip to SE California in February, 2004. (Airphotos and topo maps were prepared using "EXPERTGPS".)
Waypoints on airphotos and topo maps were plotted using EXPERTGPS and are given in UTM coordinates (Zone 11S).
The aim of the field trip was to examine the 'extensional geology' of the Colorado River corridor (detachment faults, mylonites, breccias, etc) and the Death Valley region (turtle-backs, Armagoza 'chaos'), and to ground-truth Aster satellite data in relation to extensional tectonics and gold mineralization in the Oatman and the Whipple, Buckskin, Cargo Muchacho, Black, and Chocolate Mountain regions of Nevada, Arizona and California. Secondary objectives were to examine the Algodones Dune belt, the Pliocene-Pleistocene Painted Canyon section (San Andreas Fault) near Mecca Hills, the recent obsidian domes of the Salton Sea, the hot springs of the Hesperia region, and the Ubehebe Volcanic Crater of the northern Death Valley region.
Keywords: Las Vegas, Lake Mead, Hoover Dam, Laughlin, Newberry detachment, Oatman, Parker Dam, Cottonwood, Whipple, Buckskin, Swansea, Yuma, Picacho, Cargo Muchacho, Chocolate Mountains, Black Mountains, Vitrifax, American Girl, Padre Madre, Hedges, Mesquite, Tumco, Winterhaven, Orocopia, Algodones Dunes, Salton Sea, Painted Canyon, Mecca Hills, San Andreas, Joshua Tree, Juniper Flats - Bowen Ranch hot springs, Saline Valley, Panamint Range, Ubehebe, Death Valley, Natural Bridge, Valley of Fire, detachment, accomodation zone, mylonite, brittle/ductile, breakaway, core complex, .Landsat, Aster, gold, iron, chlorite, kyanite, dip domains, Colorado Plateau, Basin and Range.
DAILY PROGRAMME
DAY 1 - Laghlin, Oatman
Day 2 - Whipple Mountains (Whipple Wash) and/or the Buckskin Mountains (Swansea)
Day 3 - Picacho Mine
DAY 4 - Cargo Muchacho, Chocolate, Black Mountains
Day 5 - Algodones Dunes, Salton Sea, Painted Canyon
Day 6 - Joshua Tree National Park, Bowen Ranch Hot Springs
Day 7 - Ubehebe Vocanic Crater, Death Valley Turtlebacks
Day 8 - Valley of Fire, Las Vegas,
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DAY 1 Fri Feb.
20 04 - Las Vegas to Parker Dam via
Oatman and Laughlin (Newberry detachment). Overnight - Buckskin Arizona
State Park south of Parker Dam.
Detachment fault-fold geometry and deep-crustal structure, Colorado extensional terrane, based on CALCRUST and reprocessed industry seismic lines From Durning et al., 1998 http://www.gis.usu.edu/docs/data/nasa_arc/nasa_arc97/SDSU/LaCuesta.pdf Fig 5 airport_University.jpg - relative location of the McCarren Airport and the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Univnevadalasvegas.jpg - Campus map of the University of Nevada at Las Vegas. Day 1 route - Las Vegas, Laughlin, Oatman, Topock (or Buckskin State Park) Stop 1 - Laughlin laughlin1AP.jpg - Airphoto of Newberry thrust south of Laughlin, UTM: 720000, 3890000 Oatmansilvercreekturnoff.jpg - Airphoto of the turn off hwy 95 in Laughlin to Oatman, UTM: 720 321, 3889 337 Stop 2 - Oatman Goldroad Mine Oatman1.jpg - Topo map of the Oatman - Goldroad Mine area OatmanAP.jpg - Airphoto map of the Oatman - Goldroad Mine area OatmangoldroadmineAP.jpg - Goldroad Mine, Oatman, 738 969, 3881 225 Oatmangeol.jpg - Geological map of the Oatman area. Durning, W.P. and Buchanan, L.J., 1984 The Geology and Ore Deposits of Oatman, Arizona. Arizona Geol. Soc. Digest, v. 15, Fig. 2. Oatmangeolleg.jpg - Geological legend for Oatmangeol.jpg CAMPING - 1) Topock or 2) Buckskin State Park 1) Topock Topock1.jpg - Topo map of Topock Topock2.jpg Topo map of Park Moabi in Topock topockAP.jpg Airphoto of Park Moabi in Topock 2a) Buckskin 2b) Cottonwood http://www.pr.state.az.us/Parks/parkhtml/buckskin.html Buckskin Mountain State Park is located on Arizona Highway 95, about 12 miles north of Parker. The River Island unit is one mile north of Buckskin Mountain State Park at UTM 763498, 3793965 11S buckmntStprktopo.jpg - Topographic map locating the Buckskin Mountains State Park BuckStPk1AP.jpg - Airphoto of the Buckskin Mountains State Park south of Parker Dam at UTM 763498, 3793965 11S cottonwoodAP.jpg - Cottonwood State Park, west off hwy 95 north of Parker Dam at UTM: 761377,3805845 11S PHOTOGRAPHS hoovernorm&mica.jpg - Trip Leaders Dr. Norm Duke and Dr Micha Pazner at the Hoover Dam
DAY 2 Sat Feb 21 04 - Whipple Mountains. Overnight - Buckskin Arizona State Park south of Parker Dam.
Whipple Wash Models for Extensional Faulting in the Colorado River Corridor See: http://www.colorado.edu/geolsci/courses/GEOL3120/metamorphiccomplexes.pdf for an explanation of Metamorphic Core Complexes and Detachment Faults. Site has maps and photos of the Whipple Mountain and Buckskin-Rawhide detachments. This site is maintained by the Karl Mueller, Dept of Earth Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado. The following images are taken from Durning, W.P. et al., 1998 http://www.gis.usu.edu/docs/data/nasa_arc/nasa_arc97/SDSU/LaCuesta.pdf Whipplefig3.jpg - Opposite Polarity tilt patterns in extensional terranes (During et al., 1998, Fig 3) Fault_fold geometry Col Extens. Corridor - Fold geometry of the Colorado Extensional Corridor (Durning et al., 1998, Fig 5) Fault_fold geometry Col Extens. Corridor - explanation (Durning et al., 1998, Fig 5) Crustal Extension w. truncation of upper plate normal faults by gently inclined detachment fault. (Durning et al., 1998, Fig 6) Accomodation Zones Map, Colorado Extensional corridor (Durning et al., 1998, Fig 4) Accomodation zone (Mesquite Mine) (Durning et al., 1998, Fig 9) Zones of dip-direction reversal Whipplefig1_Meaddipzones.jpg - Tertiary dip domain map of the southern Basin and Range (During et al., 1998, Fig 1) Break-Aways The following two images are taken from: Dorsey, R. http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~rdorsey/Detach.html (Dorsey and Becker 1995) Sections illustrating concept of 1st and 2nd 'breakaways' Geological map, Whipple Mountains, Primary & Secondary 'breakaways' GEOLOGICAL MAPS Core complexes of the Whipple Mountain and Chemehuevi regions - From Dorsey, R. at http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~rdorsey/Detach.html (Dorsey and Becker 1995) Geol. map Whipple Mountains; geology of Whipple Wash - From: Mueller, K. at http://www.colorado.edu/geolsci/courses/GEOL3120/metamorphiccomplexes.pdf whipspenf2a.jpg - Geological map, Whipple Wash Quad., Spencer et al. 1987. fig 2 whipspenf2b.jpg - Geological map, Gene Wash Quad., Spencer et al. 1987. fig 2 whipspenf3.jpg - Geological map, Upper Whipple Wash, Spencer et al. 1987. fig 3 whipspenf3grid.jpg - Geological map, Upper Whipple Wash, Spencer et al. 1987. fig 3 (georegistered and gridded) whipuppertopo.jpg Topo map corresponding to whipspenf3.jpg geological map whipupperAP.jpg
Airphoto corresponding to whipspenf3.jpg geological map http://www.nbmg.unr.edu/staff/pdfs/NCREC.pdf CENOZOIC EVOLUTION OF THE NORTHERN COLORADO RIVER EXTENSIONAL CORRIDOR, SOUTHERN NEVADA AND NORTHWEST ARIZONA JAMES E. FAULDS1, DANIEL L. FEUERBACH2*, CALVIN F. MILLER3, AND EUGENE I. SMITH4 4Department of Geoscience, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154 Utah Geological Association Publication 30 - Pacific Section American Association of Petroleum Geologists Publication GB78 The Geologic Transition, High Plateaus to Great Basin - A Symposium and Field Guide, The Mackin Volume, 2001.
ABSTRACT The northern Colorado River extensional corridor is a 70- to 100-km-wide region of moderately to highly extended crust along the eastern margin of the Basin and Range province in southern Nevada and northwestern Arizona. It has occupied a critical structural position in the western Cordillera since Mesozoic time. In the Cretaceous through early Tertiary, it stood just east and north of major fold and thrust belts and also marked the northern end of a broad, gently (~15 o) north-plunging uplift (Kingman arch) that extended southeastward through much of central Arizona. Mesozoic and Paleozoic strata were stripped from the arch by northeast-flowing streams. Peraluminous 65 to 73 Ma granites were emplaced at depths of at least 10 km and exposed in the core of the arch by earliest Miocene time.Calc-alkaline magmatism swept northward through the northern Colorado River extensional corridor during early to middle Miocene time, beginning at ~22 Ma in the south and ~12 Ma in the north. Major east-west extension followed the initiation of magmatism by 1 to 4 m.y., progressing northward at a rate of ~3 cm/yr. The style of volcanism changed during the course of east-west extension. Eruptions of calc-alkaline to mildly alkaline mafic to intermediate magmas predated extension. Calcalkaline to mildly alkaline mafic, intermediate, and felsic magmas were prevalent during major extension. Tholeiitic and alkalic basalts were then erupted after significant block tilting. The most voluminous volcanism occurred in early Miocene time and was accompanied by mild north-south extension. Belts of east-west extension bordered the region to both the north and south in early Miocene time. Large-magnitude east-west extension engulfed nearly the entire region in middle Miocene time, beginning in most areas ~16 Ma and ending by ~9 Ma. Tilt rates commonly exceeded 80 o/m.y. during the early stages of east-west extension.Although less voluminous than that in the early Miocene, volcanism generally spanned the entire episode of extension south of Lake Mead. Thus, thick volcanic sections, as opposed to sedimentary rock, accumulated in many growth-fault basins. The northward advancing magmatic front stalled, however, in the Lake Mead area along the southern margin of the southern Nevada amagmatic gap. Thus, Tertiary sections in the Lake Mead area are dominated by sedimentary units, including alluvial fan, continental playa, and lacustrine deposits. During middle Miocene extension, strain was partitioned into a west-dipping normal-fault system in the north and an east-dipping system in the south. The two fault systems and attendant opposing tilt-block domains overlap and terminate within the generally east-northeast-trending Black Mountains accommodation zone. Major east-west extension was contemporaneous on either side of the accommodation zone. The west-dipping normal fault system in the north is kinematically linked to major strike-slip faults along the northern margin of the corridor, where a complex three-dimensional strain field, involving both east-west extension and north-south shortening, characterized the middle to late Miocene. The transition between the Colorado Plateau and the Basin and Range is unusually sharp along the eastern margin of the northern Colorado River extensional corridor and is marked by a single west-dipping fault zone, the Grand Wash fault zone. Subhorizontal, relatively unfaulted strata on the Colorado Plateau give way to moderately to steeply east-tilted fault blocks across the Grand Wash fault zone. Topographic and structural relief across this boundary developed during middle Miocene extension and was established by 9 Ma. The location and abruptness of the Colorado Plateau-Basin and Range transition in this region may have been controlled by an ancient north-trending crustal flaw, inasmuch as it follows a diffuse boundary between Early Proterozoic crustal provinces. AIRPHOTOS AND TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS Topo map of Parker Dam area - Copper Basin Reservoir. - Airphoto Parker Dam - Copper Basin region Airphoto region east of Copper Basin reservoir (Parker Dam landing strip, top centre-right of the photo) Airphoto of traverse to Copper Basin reservoir - intercalated strips of Upper Plate Oligocene - Miocene Gene Canyon and Copper Basin Formations and Precambrian crystalline rocks Airphoto of location UTM: 756 672, 3797 302 - Upper Plate rocks dipping SW; Precambrian basement exposed in topographic lows; Copper Basin Reservoir to lower left Airphoto of Whipple Wash area of the Whipple Mountains - Whipple Wash region whipuppertopo.jpg Topo map corresponding to whipspenf3.jpg geological map whipupperAP.jpg Airphoto corresponding to whipspenf3.jpg geological map PHOTOGRAPHS whipplegeog.jpg - Geography group on mylonites below the Whipple detachment (top of the photo) whippleklippe3.jpg - View across Whipple Wash from south to north; high hills upper plate rocks whippleklippe1.jpg - View across Whipple Wash from south to north; high hills upper plate rocks whippleklippe6.jpg - Upper Plate rocks, Whipple Wash whippleklippe2.jpg - View across Whipple Wash from south-east to north-west whippleklippe4.jpg - View across Whipple Wash from south-east to north-west whippleklippe5.jpg - isolated mass of upper plate rocks sitting on mylonitic gneiss, Whipple Wash
whipple2ryan.jpg - Whipple Wash seen from the West looking down the wash whippleryan.jpg - Traverse up Whipple Wash begins whipple3ryan.jpg - High up in the Upper Plate, on the south side of Whipple Wash Buckskin Mountains (OPTIONAL) GEOLOGY MAPS Geol. Map. Arizona, Parker area http://www-glg.la.asu.edu/%7Esreynolds/azgeomap/azgeomap_home.htm Geological Map of Arizona, Steve Reynolds
Geol. Map Arizona, Swansea Mine region - http://www-glg.la.asu.edu/%7Esreynolds/azgeomap/azgeomap_home.htm Geological Map of Arizona, Steve Reynolds
Geol. Map composite Parker-Swansea
Maps from: Spencer, J.E. and Reynolds, S.J., 1989c. s&rriovistaf29geol.jpg - Geologica map and cross section of the area west of the Rio Vista mine
Maps from: Spencer, J.E. and
Reynolds, S.J., 1989b.
Maps from: Spencer, J.E. et al., 1987
whipspenf1.jpg - Geology map, Rawhide
Mountains, Spencer, J.E. et al. Field-trip Guide, Fig 1.
buckskin3topo.jpg Topo, Swansea - Bouse Airphoto, Swansea Mine - Clara Peak area (UTM: 237 915, 3784 828) Airphoto Clara Peak area off Lincoln Ranch R Topo, Bouse Highway 72 to Highway 95 REFERENCES spencer, J.E. and Reynolds, S.J. 1989a. Middle Tertiary Tectonics of Arizona and Adjacent Areas. in Geologic Evolution of Arizona: Tucson, Arizona Geol. Soc. Digest, v. 17, p. 539-574. Spencer, J.E. et al. 1987. Field-trip Guide to Parts of the Harquahala, Granite Wash, Whipple, and Buckskin Mountains, West-Central Arizona and Southeastern California, p. 351-364. Spencer, J. E. and Reynolds, S.J. !989b. Introduction to the geology and mineral resources of the Bucksin and Rawhide Mountains, p. 1-10, in Spencer, J.E. and Reynolds, S.J., eds., Geology and mineral resources of the Bucksin and Rawhide Mountains, west-central Arizona: Arizona Geological Survey Bulletin 198. Spencer, J.E. and Reynolds, S.J., 1989c. Tertiary structure, stratigraphy, and tectonics of the Buckskin Mountains, p. 103-167, in Spencer, J.E. and Reynolds, S.J., eds., Geology and mineral resources of the Bucksin and Rawhide Mountains, west-central Arizona: Arizona Geological Survey Bulletin 198,
DAY 3 Sun Feb 22 04 - Picacho Gold Mine, Yuma. Overnight - Yuma (rained out).
Topo, route from Winterhaven to the Picacho turnoff Topo, showing exit from freeway 95 Airphoto showing exit from freeway 95 Airphoto showing exit from freeway 95 + GPS stations PHOTOGRAPHS Picachobreccia.jpg - Picacho Breccia CAMPSITE REFERENCE Richard, Stephen M. and Spencer, Jon E. Geologic map of the Picacho mine area, southeastern California. Scale 1:10,000. Arizona Geological Survey open file report 96-30, pub. 1996. OCLC #37324717
DAY 4 Mon Feb 23 04 - Cargo Muchacho and the Chocolate mountains (Vitrifax, Madre Padre, American Girl, Hedges, Mesquite gold mines). Overnight - wilderness camping, Chocolate Mountains.
Aster Image of the Chocolate, Black, and Cargo-Muchachos Mountains, SE California Generalized geological map of SE California Map Legend Geologic Map, regional, Owens (1992), Cargo Muchachos Zones of Al-Silicate assemblages, Owens (1992), Cargo Muchachos Interpretive sections, Owens (1992) - Cargo Muchachos Geologic map, Mica Talc Hill, Owens (1992) - Cargo Muchachos Geologic domain map, coloured, Vitrifax-American Girl - Gold Mines, Cargo Muchachos
Map of foliation orientation, Vitrifax/American Girl, Owens (1992) - Cargo Muchachos Volcanic cone, east side of Cargo Muchachos, UTM: 710 450, 3640 546 Vitrifax-American Girl, jpg - Airphoto of Vitrix-American Girl area, Cargo muchachos Vitrifax-American Girl, jpg - Topographic map, Cargo Muchachos Aster Map of the Chocolate and Cargo M. region - Courtesy Dr. M. Pazner. Airphoto, Mesquite Mine area, Hwy 78 Airphoto, Mesquite Mine - mine is now abandoned The following images are reproduced from Durning, W.P. et al., 1998: http://www.gis.usu.edu/docs/data/nasa_arc/nasa_arc97/SDSU/LaCuesta.pdf LSATcolour composite, Colorado River region Landsat map, east and west of the Colorado River Landsat map, Chocolate, Black and Midway Mountains Enlarged part of Landsat map, Mesquite Mine Landsat TM ratio colour ratio map REFERENCES Owens, E., 1992. Magmatism, Deformation and Mesothermal Metasomatism: Interpretation of Aluminosilicate Mineral Assemblages in the Cargo Muchacho Mountains, Southeastern California. Ph.D. thesis, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada. Durning, W.P. et al., 1998: http://www.gis.usu.edu/docs/data/nasa_arc/nasa_arc97/SDSU/LaCuesta.pdf PHOTOGRAPHS Mesquitecamp.jpg - Mesquitecamp orocopia1ryan.jpg - Orocopia Schist south of the Black Mountains UMFrag.jpg - Fragment of fuchsite schist in Orocopia Schist Blackmnt1ryan.jpg - Where are we?? phil.jpg - Phil photographing photo #1003 out of 2010 CAMP SITE (wilderness, Mesquite area) Mesqminecmpst.jpg - off highway 78, north of the Mesquite Mine
DAY 5 Tues Feb 24 04 - Algodones Dunes, Painted Canyon, Joshua Tree
Agodones Dunes MAPS AND AIRPHOTOS Generalized geological map of SE California Map Legend Topo map of Rock Hill / Obsidian Butte, Salton Sea, near Calipatria Topo map of Rock Hill / Obsidian Butte, Salton Sea, near Calipatria (larger scale) Airphoto of Rock Hill / Obsidian Butte, Salton Sea, near Calipatria Topo map Mecca Hills to Painted Canyon Airphoto Mecca Hills to Painted Canyon Airphoto, Painted Canyon, San Andreas fault See Aster satellite image above LINKS http://desertusa.com/sandhills/sandhillsorg.html The Imperial Sand Dunes, DesertUSA Newsletter http://fgms.home.att.net/salton.htm The Salton Sea by Richard Busch http://www.sci.sdsu.edu/salton/SaltonSeaHomePage.html The Salton Sea by Lisa Heizer PHOTOGRAPHS dunes.jpg - Algodones dunes, near Glamis paintcanryan.jpg - Dipping Cenozoic strata in the vicinity of the San Andreas fault, Painted Canyon, Mecca Hills Saltonobsidryan.jpg - Obsidian dome, east side of the Salton Sea CAMPSITE whitetank1AP.jpg - Airphoto, Whitetank camp ground, Joshua Park (no running water) DAY 6 Wed Feb 25 04 - Granites of the Joshua Tree National Park, hot springs at the Bowen Ranch, Hesperia. Overnight at Mesquite California State Park.
Airphoto Joshua Tree 570 941, 3759 950 Airphoto, small scale, Joshua Tree Topo, shows roads from Lucerne Valley to Juniper Flats Topo, Juniper Flats hot springs Topo, small scale, Juniper Flats hot springs Airphoto Juniper Flats hot springs Topo map with waypoints showing route from Lucerne to Bowen Ranch at UTM 485422, 3802595 Bowen Ranch Airphoto - Airphoto of the Deep Creek hot springs location, near Bowen Ranch, UTM 483711, 3799794 Bowen Ranch Airphoto - Airphoto of Bowen Ranch (parking location UTM 484854, 38019191) PHOTOGRAPHS joshgranryan.jpg - Joshua Tree National Park, Whitetank campsite joshtree2ryan.jpg - Joshua Tree National Park, Whitetank campsite bowenraryan.jpg - track down to Deep Creek hotsprings from Bowen Ranch hotspringsryan.jpg - Deep Creek hot springs CAMPSITE
DAY 7 Thur Feb 26 04 - Ubehebe Crater and the Death Valley 'turtle backs' (Natural Bridge). Overnight at Valley of Fire Nevada State Park (alternative - Red Rock Canyon).
Natural Bridge Turtleback MAPS califgeolmap1.jpg - generalized map of the Death Valley - Panamint Valley region of the Great Basin REFERENCES Troxel, B.W. and Wright, L.A. 1987. Tertiary extensional features, Death Valley region, eastern California. GSA Centennial Field Guide - Cordilleran Section, p. 121-132. PHOTOGRAPHS
uhebecrater1.jpg Ubehebe crater uhebecrater2.jpg Ubehebe crater scottyscastle.jpg Scottys Castle NatBridgeturtle.jpg Natural Bridge turtle-back, Death Valley NatBridgeturtle2.jpg Natural Bridge turtle-back, Death Valley natbridgeryan.jpg - Natural Bridge, Death Valley CAMP SITE Valley of Fire, 50 km NE of Las Vegas voffirecampryan.jpg - Valley of Fire
vfireAP.jpg - Airphoto of the Valley of Fire State campsite vfiretopo.jpg - topo map of the Valley of Fire region OR, Red Rock Canyon, west of Las Vegas Topo, showing roads from Las Vegas to Red Rock Canyon Topo, exit from hwy 95 to Charleston Boulevard Topo, intersection of hwy 95 and hwy 15 & Charleston Boulevard Airphoto of Red Rock Canyon region
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DAY 8 Fri Feb
27 04 - Las Vegas lasvegryan.jpg - A final touch of Gold!!
DAY 9 Sat Feb 28 04 - Flight out of Vegas, arrive London mid-day.
NOTES: GEOLOGY, WEB LINKS, GENERAL REFERENCES University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Dept of Geoscience 4505 Maryland Parkway Box 454010 Las Vegas, NV 89154-4010 Telephone: (702) 895-3262 E-Mail: geodept@nevada.edu http://www.unlv.edu/Campus_Map/ = Campus Map - Lily Fong Geoscience Building is # 38 Campus is north of Airport, on east end of Harmon St, west of the Rotunda; parking off west side of Maryland Parkway (N-S st); access to parking at Harmon St (E-W street) Arizona State Parks http://www.pr.state.az.us/Parks/parkhtml/buckskin.html Buckskin Mountain State Park is located on Arizona Highway 95, about 12 miles north of Parker. The River Island unit is one mile north of Buckskin Mountain State Park.
Arizona Geology http://www-glg.la.asu.edu/~sreynolds/home.htm - home page of Stephen J. Reynolds; contains numerous color photographs, 3D perspectives, and information about the Geology of Arizona, Landscapes of the Southwest, structural geology, science-education reform, and using Bryce5 to illustrate geology. Maps of Arizona http://www.azgs.state.az.us/about.htm Arizona Geological Survey publications
http://www-glg.la.asu.edu/%7Esreynolds/azgeomap/azgeomap_home.htm Geological Map of Arizona, Steve Reynolds
http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~rdorsey/Detach.html Map of Whipple Mountains, archived as Whipplemap.jpg in Cargo_Muchaco... file
http://www.colorado.edu/geolsci/courses/GEOL3120/metamorphiccomplexes.pdf Geology3120 - Metamorphic Core Complexes Site has maps and photos of the Whipple Mountain and Buckskin-Rawhide detachments. Whipple Mountains geologic map copied as whipplemap2.jpg in Cargo_Muchacho... file
Field Guides/Map of California
http://geology.about.com/library/bl/maps/calmap.jpg Generalized geological map of California, source site USGS
Generalized geological map of California, source site California Geological Survey
http://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/geotour/ The California Geotour - An Index to Online Geologic Field Trip Guides of California
LINKS http://www.gis.usu.edu/docs/data/nasa_arc/nasa_arc97/SDSU/LaCuesta.pdf Integrated Use of Remote Sensing and GIS for Mineral Exploration: A Project of the NASA Affiliated Research Center at San Diego State University
http://scamp.wr.usgs.gov/scamp/html/gm.html Southern California Areal Mapping Project (SCAMP)
http://www.lowell.edu/users/tweedr/thes_ch5.html no maps Spencer, J.E., and Reynolds, S.J., 1987, Geologic map of the Swansea-Copper Penny area, central Buckskin Mountains, west-central Arizona: Arizona Bureau of Geology and Mineral Technology Open-file Report 87-2, 10 p., scale 1:12,000.
http://geology.csupomona.edu/drjessey/fieldtrips/calico/calico.htm The Calico Mining district - silver barite
http://gateway.library.uiuc.edu/gex/bibs/geol315-415ariz.html UIUC Geology course 315/415 Field Trip Arizona and Southern California
http://www.johnmartin.com/earthquakes/eqsafs/safs_361.htm T ransverse Ranges and the Salton Sea
http://earthview.sdsu.edu/trees/oroword.html Orocopia Mountains Detachment System
http://earthview.sdsu.edu/trees/OROTOUR.html TM image of the Orocopia Mountains east of the Salton Sea
http://seis.natsci.csulb.edu/deptweb/SkinnyCalSites/TrnsverseRng/SanGabriels/SanGablOview2.html Geological overviews of the SAN GABRIEL MOUNTAINS
GENERAL REFERENCES
1980. Dickey, D.D., Carr, W.J., and Bull, W.B. 1980 Geologic map of the Parker NW, Parker, and parts of the Whipple Mountains SW and Whipple Wash quadrangles, California and Arizona USGS I-1124 24
1986. Structural evolution of the Whipple and South Mountains shear zones, southwestern United States: Geology, v. 14, p. 7-10 (G. A. Davis, G. S. Lister, and S. J. Reynolds).
1987. Field trip guide to parts of the Harquahala, Granite Wash, Whipple and Buckskin Mountains, west-central Arizona and southeastern California, p. 351-364 in Geological diversity of Arizona and its margins: excursions to choice areas (Davis, G. H., and VandenDolde, E. M., Eds.): Ariz. Bur. Geology and Min. Technology Special Paper 5, 422 p. (J. E. Spencer, S. J. Reynolds, J. L. Anderson, G. A. Davis, S. E. Laubach, S. M. Richard, and Stephen Marshak).
1988. Rapid upward transport of mid-crustal mylonitic gneisses in the footwall of a Miocene detachment fault, Whipple Mountains, southeastern California: Geologische Rundschau, v. 77, no. 1, p. 191-209.
1989. The origin of metamorphic core complexes and detachment faults formed during Tertiary continental extension in the northern Colorado River region, U.S.A.: Jour. Struct. Geol., v. 11, p. 65-95. (G. S. Lister and G. A. Davis).
1989. Seismic reflectivity of the Whipple Mountain shear zone in southern California, Jour. Geophys. Research, v. 94, p. 2985-3005. (Chi-Yuen Wang, D. A. Okaya, Charles Ruppert, G. A. Davis, Tie-Shuan Guo, Zengqiu Zhong, and Hans-Rufolf Wenk).
1989. Terry Shackelford: a retrospective view, p. 11-14 in Geology and mineral resources of the Buckskin and Rawhide Mountains, west-central Arizona (Spencer, J. E., and Reynolds, S. J., eds.): Arizona Geological Survey Bulletin 198 (Shackelford Volume), 279 p.
1991. Low-angle normal faulting and rapid uplift of mid-crustal rocks in the Whipple Mountains metamorphic core complex, southeastern California: discussion and field guide, p. 417-446 in Geological excursions in southern California and Mexico (Walawender, M. J., and Hanan, B. B., eds.), Dept. of Geological Sciences, San Diego State University, 515 p. (G. A. Davis, and J. L. Anderson)
Eric Frost - on crustal extension inf SE California Eric Frost - http://www.geology.sdsu.edu/people/faculty/frost/pubs.html
Guidebooks
Videos
http://ngmsvr.wr.usgs.gov/MapProgress/MapProgress_home.html The "Geologic Mapping in Progress" database lists areas that are now being mapped, and describes who to contact for more information. http://ngmsvr.wr.usgs.gov/MapProgress/24k_01/24k_01.htm Geologic Mapping in Progress - select a state http://ngmsvr.wr.usgs.gov/MapProgress/100k_01/100k_01.htm Select a state -- areas being mapped are in blue http://ncgmp.usgs.gov/statemap/CA03.pdf SUMMARY OF STATEMAP GEOLOGIC MAPPING PROGRAM IN CALIFORNIA
DIGITAL MAPS
Saucedo, G.J., Bedford, D.R., Raines, G.L., Miller, R.J., Wentworth, C.M., Jennings, C.W., Strand, R.G., and Rogers, T.H., 2000, GIS data for the geologic map of California: California Division of Mines and Geology, CD 2000-007, scale 1:750000. Vigil, J.F., Pike, R.J., and Howell, D.G., 2000, A tapestry of time and terrain: U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Investigations Series Map I-2720, scale 1:1350000. Rea, Alan and Cederstrand, J.R., 1994, GCIP reference data set (GREDS): U.S. Geological Survey, Open-File Report OF-94-388, scale 1:2500000. Schruben, Paul G., Arndt, Raymond E., and Bawiec, Walter J., 1994, Geology of the Conterminous United States at 1:2,500,000 Scale -- A Digital Representation of the 1974 P.B. King and H.M. Beikman Map: U.S. Geological Survey, Digital Data Series DDS-11, scale 1:2500000. Barton, K.E., Howell, D.G., and Vigil, J.F., 2003, The North America tapestry of time and terrain: U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Investigations Series Map I-2781, scale 1:8000000 Bedford, D.R., Ludington, Steve, Nutt, C.M., Stone, P.A., Miller, D.M., Miller, R.J.Wagner, D.L., and Saucedo, G.J., 2003, : U.S. Geological Survey, Open-File Report OF-03-135. Geologic database for the digital geology of California, Nevada, and Utah - an application of the North American data model PAPERS
Geologic database for the digital geology of California, Nevada, and Utah - an application of the North American data Olmsted, F.H., 1972, Geologic map of the Laguna Dam 7.5-minute quadrangle, Arizona and California: U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Quadrangle Map GQ-1014, scale 1:24000. Smith, D.B., Berger, B.R., Tosdal, R.M., Sherrod, D.R., Raines, G.L., Griscom, Andrew, Helferty, M.G., Rumsey, C.M., and McMahan, A.B., 1987, Mineral resources of the Indian Pass and Picacho Peak Wilderness Study Areas, Imperial County, California: U.S. Geological Survey, Bulletin 1711-A, scale 1:24000. Morton, P.K., 1977, Geology and mineral resources of Imperial County, California: California Division of Mines and Geology, County Report 7, scale 1:125000. Olmsted, F.H., Loeltz, O.J., and Irelan, Burdge, 1973, Geohydrology of the Yuma area, Arizona and California: U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 486-H, scale 1:125000. 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Smith, M.B., 1964, Map showing distribution and configuration of basement rocks in California: U.S. Geological Survey, Oil and Gas Investigations Map OM-215, scale 1:500000. Powell, R.E., 1993, Balanced palinspastic reconstruction of pre-late Cenozoic paleogeography, southern California: geologic and kinematic constraints on evolution of the San Andreas fault system: Geological Society of America, Memoir 178, Chapter 1, scale 1:740000. Blake, M.C., Howell, D.G., and Jones, D.L., 1982, Preliminary tectonostratigraphic terrane map of California: U.S. Geological Survey, Open-File Report OF-82-593, scale 1:750000. Castle, R.O., Elliot, M.R., Church, J.P., and Wood, S.H., 1984, The evolution of the southern California uplift, 1955 through 1976: U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 1342, scale 1:750000. 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(Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82070-3006)1999. Sedimentation patterns support seismogenic low-angle normal faulting, southeastern California and western Arizona. GSA Bulletin, v. 111, p. 1350–1370.
ABSTRACT
Miocene synextensional strata flanking the Chemehuevi and southern Sacramento Mountains in southeastern California and western Arizona indicate deposition during seismically active low-angle normal faulting. These data complement existing structural, isotopic, and fission-track studies, which show that the regionally developed Chemehuevi-Sacramento detachment-fault system was initiated and allowed movement of the hanging wall over more than 18 km within the seismogenic regime at moderate to low angles of dip (
30°). Individual faults within the detachment-fault system are corrugated parallel to the east-northeast transport direction, resulting in broad mullion structures (50–550 m amplitude and 1.5–10 km wavelength). Slip occurred along the rooted fault system between ca. 23 and 12 Ma; the average slip rate was
7–8 mm/yr during peak tectonic extension from ca. 19 to 15 Ma.
Durning, Perry W., Polis, Stephen R., Frost, Eric G., and Kaiser,
John V., 1998, Integrated use of remote sensing and GIS for mineral Exploration:
NASA Affiliated Research Center at San Diego State University, Final Report,
25p. 
