P. Map 3425 Geological Compilation of the Kirkland Lake Area, Abitibi Greenstone Belt 1:100 000 EXPLANATORY NOTES AND LEGEND This map is published with the permission of the Senior Manager, Precambrian Geoscience Section, Ontario Geological Survey. This geological compilation of the Kirkland Lake area is the third of a series of 1:100 000 maps and GIS data sets of the Abitibi Subprovince in Ontario being compiled over the next few years. Magnetic declination in 1999 through the center of the map area is 10?23? W. Mean annual change is 0.8? easterly. SOURCES OF INFORMATION/COMPILATION AND PRODUCTION This geological map of the Kirkland Lake area was compiled from published maps and reports of the Ontario Geological Survey and the Geological Survey of Canada. In addition, information from unpublished reports and maps on file with the Ontario Geological Survey, university theses, papers in professional journals, geophysical maps and satellite images was incorporated. Geological interpretation was further enhanced by utilizing the Earth Resources and Land Information System (ERLIS) databases such as the Assessment File Resource Inventory (AFRI), the Drill Hole (DH) database, the Lithogeochemical (LGC) database and the Mineral Deposit Inventory (MDI) database. Other data sets used include: satellite imagery including Landsat Thematic Mapper images and RADARSAT radar images; and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) produced by the Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario. The map was produced as follows: Geological compilation and interpretation by J.A. Ayer and N.F. Trowell. Compilation of mineral deposit data by J.A. Ayer and N.F. Trowell. Preparation of base map by L. Valade. Preparation of geophysical and satellite imagery by L. Valade and Z. Madon. GIS compilation of data by L. Valade and E. Amyotte. THE ABITIBI SUBPROVINCE The Abitibi Subprovince is an 800 by 300 km Archean "granite-greenstone" domain situated along the southern margin of the Superior Province. It is dominated by supracrustal and granitoid rocks with a range of ages from 2.75 to 2.67 Ga (Jackson and Fyon 1991). Historically, the Abitibi greenstone belt was considered to be that portion of the Abitibi Subprovince extending to the western margin of the extensive granitoid complexes west of Timmins. New mapping and geochronological evidence (Heather et al, 1995) shows that the Swayze greenstone belt contains many of the structures and stratigraphic ages typical of the Abitibi belt in the Timmins-Kirkland Lake area and is now interpreted to represent a deeper erosional level of a once-continuous Abitibi greenstone belt extending to the Kapuskasing Structural Zone. The Abitibi greenstone belt is one of the world's largest, best preserved and most economically productive greenstone belts in the world. The Kirkland Lake map sheet covers the area from about 7 km east of the town of Matachewan to the Quebec border. Rocks are classified on the basis of their dominant lithology using textures, structures and both approximate and specific compositions to refine the classification. Geological information has been primarily compiled from previous mapping. New interpretations of the extent of lithological units, specifically in the areas lacking outcrop, have greatly benefited from the use of the reprocessed geophysical data for this area (Gupta 1995, 1996). As well, geochemical data have allowed for the further subdivision of the metavolcanic rocks. Several past-producing gold mines are found in this area, including those of the Kirkland Lake and Larder Lake camps respectively. Gold-bearing shear zones are generally sub-parallel to stratigraphy and are displaced by numerous cross-cutting faults. The Kirkland Lake-Larder Lake fault zone is the most significant gold-bearing structure in this area. LEGEND PHANEROZOIC CENOZOIC QUATERNARY PLEISTOCENE AND RECENT Sand, gravel, clay and wetland deposits UNCONFORMITY MESOZOIC JURASSIC Kimberlite 20 Unsubdivided PALEOZOIC SILURIAN Sedimentary Rocks 19a Thornloe Formation: dolostone, limestone, minor sandstone 19b Earlton Formation: limestone, dolostone, shale 19c Wabi Group unsubdivided: dolostone, shale ORDOVICIAN Sedimentary Rocks 18a Liskeard Group unsubdivided: limestone, shale INTRUSIVE CONTACT PRECAMBRIAN PROTEROZOIC NIPISSING 17 Mafic Intrusive rocks: diabase, granophyre HURONIAN SUPERGROUP Sedimentary Rocks 16 Unsubdivided 16a Lorrain Formation 16b Gowganda Formation Diabase Dikes 15 Unsubdivided 15a Matachewan (2452 Ma) (NW) 15b Biscotasing (2167 Ma) (ENE) 15c Sudbury (1238 Ma) (WNW) 15d Abitibi (1140 Ma) (ENE) INTRUSIVE CONTACT ARCHEAN NEOARCHEAN Alkalic Intrusive Suite 13 Unsubdivided 13a Syenite, monzonite, granite 13b Diorite, syenodiorite, monzogabbro, hornblendite 13c Schistose-textured Felsic to Intermediate Intrusive suite 12 Unsubdivided 12a Tonalite, granodiorite, trondhjemite 12b Granite, quartz monzodiorite, quartz diorite 12c Schistose-textured Porphyry Suite 11 Unsubdivided 11a Porphyry 11b Quartz and/or feldspar porphyry 11d Tonalite, granodiorite Mafic Intrusive rocks 10 Unsubdivided 10a Diorite, gabbro, metagabbro 10b Porphyritic 10c Anorthositic gabbro, leucogabbro 10d Granophyre Ultramafic Intrusive rocks 9 Unsubdivided 9a Peridotite, pyroxenite 9c Schistose-textured INTRUSIVE CONTACT Timiskaming-type Clastic Metasedimentary rocks 8 Unsubdivided 8a Arenite 8b Wacke 8c Conglomerate 8d Mudstone, siltstone 8e Schistose-textured UNCONFORMITY Chemical Metasedimentary rocks 7 Unsubdivided 7a Iron Formation 7b Oxide facies 7c Sulfide facies 7d Silicate facies, chert 7e Graphite facies Clastic Metasedimentary rocks 6 Unsubdivided 6a Arenite 6b Wacke 6c Conglomerate 6d Mudstone, siltstone 6f Schistose-textured Alkalic Metavolcanic Rocks/Intrusions (unconformable Timiskaming-type) 5 Unsubdivided 5a Massive flows 5b Porphyritic flows 5c Tuff 5d Breccia, pyroclastic breccia Felsic (to Intermediate) Metavolcanic Rocks/Intrusions 4 Unsubdivided 4C Calc-alkalic 4a Massive flows 4T Tholeiite 4b Tuff, lapilli tuff 4c Tuff breccia, pyroclastic breccia 4d Porphyritic 4e Spherulitic 4f Schistose-textured Intermediate (to Felsic) Metavolcanic Rocks/Intrusions 3 Unsubdivided 3C Calc-alkalic 3a Massive flows 3T Tholeiite 3b Pillowed flows 3c Variolitic flows 3d Hyaloclastite, flow breccia 3e Amygdaloidal flows 3f Tuff, lapilli tuff 3g Tuff breccia, pyroclastic breccia 3h Schistose-textured Mafic (to Intermediate) Metavolcanic Rocks/Intrusions 2 Unsubdivided 2C Calc-alkalic 2a Massive flows 2F High-iron tholeiite 2b Pillowed flows 2M High-magnesium tholeiite 2c Variolitic flows 2T Tholeiite 2d Hyaloclastite, flow breccia 2e Amygdaloidal flows 2f Tuff, Lapilli tuff 2g Tuff-breccia, pyroclastic breccia 2h Schistose-textured Ultramafic (to mafic) Metavolcanic Rocks/Intrusions 1 Unsubdivided 1B Basaltic komatiite 1a Massive flows/intrusions 1K Komatiite 1b Polysutured flows 1O Olivine-spinifex 1c Spinifex-textured flows 1d Pillowed flows 1f Schistose-textured - This is a compilation legend. - Units preceded by "G" are based on interpretation from aeromagnetic maps. - Units preceded by "D" are based on interpretation from drill-hole data. - Rock codes designated with a "/" (i.e., 2/3) indicate the lithology may contain either rock type and the first number code is considered to be more likely. - Rocks are subdivided lithologically and the order does not imply age relationships within or among groups. Producing and Past Producing Mines 1. ROY 2. MORRISON, B.L. 3. SHANE-DARRAGH 4. LUCKY GODFREY 5. ETHEL 6. WINDY HILL 7. McNAMMARA'S QUARRY 8. DYMOND TOWNSHIP DUMP QUARRY 9. BREAULT QUARRY 10. HARLEY QUARRIES 11. HARMAK 12. LANGIS 13. PENNA 14. SWASTIKA 15. TEGREN 16. GOLDEN GATE 17. ST. JOSEPH 18. GRACIE EAST 19. MACASSA 20. KIRKLAND LAKE 21. TECK-HUGHES 22. LAKE SHORE 23. EASTMAQUE 24. WRIGHT-HARGREAVES 25. KIRKLAND TOWNSITE 26. HUDSON-RAND SOUTH 27. SYLVANITE 28. TOBURN 29. KIRANA KIRKLAND 30. DANE 31. MORRIS-KIRKLAND 32. BIDGOOD 33. MOFFAT-HALL 34. GORDON LEBEL 35. ADAMS 36. MARSHALL BOSTON SOUTH 37. AMITY 38. PATTERSON 39. CAMERON, C.H. 40. BARRY-HOLLINGER 41. GOLD HILL 42. GOLDEN SHIELD 43. CATHROY 44. EASTWARD 45. UPPER CANADA 46. MCBEAN 47. UPPER BEAVER 48. LAGUERRE 49. OMEGA 50. CHEMINIS 51. VELVET LARDER 52. BARBER-LARDER 53. KERR ADDISON 54. CHESTERVILLE Mineral Deposit Type Felsic to Intermediate Intrusion-Associated Deposits Alkaline Intrusion-Associated Deposits Mafic to Ultramafic Volcanic/Intrusion-Associated Deposits Sediment-Associated Deposits Vein/Replacement-Associated Deposits Volcanic-Associated Deposits Unknown deposit type Mineral Deposit Size Mine Prospect Occurrence Mineral Deposit Commodity Ag ± (Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, U) Asbestos Au ± (Ag, B, Bi, Co, Cu, Diamond, Fe, Mo, Ni, Pb, U, W, Zn) Barite ± (Cu, Pb, Zn) Co ± (Cu, Ni) Cu ± (Ag, Au, Barite, Co, Fe, Mo, Ni, Pb, W, Zn) Diamond Dolostone ± (Limestone) Fe ± (Ag, Au, Cu, Zn) Mo ± (Au, Cu) Nepheline Ni ± (Ag, Cu, Pb) Pb ± (Cu, Zn) U ± (Cu) W ± (Au) Zn ± (Ag, Au, Cu, Ni, Pb) Abbreviations used for commodities: Ag = silver; Au = gold; B = boron; Bi = bismuth; Co = cobalt; Cu = copper; Fe = iron; Mo = molybdenum; Ni = nickel; Pb = lead; U = uranium; W = tungsten; Zn = zinc. REFERENCES Ayer, J.A., Berger, B.R. and Trowell, N.F. 1999: Geological compilation of the Lake Abitibi area, Abitibi greenstone belt; Ontario Geological Survey, Preliminary Map P. 3398, scale 1:100 000. Ayer, J.A.; Berger, B.R.; Trowell, N.F.; Madon, Z.; Valade, L.; Messier, L.; McIlraith, S.J. 1999: Geological compilation of the Lake Abitibi area, Abitibi greenstone belt; Ontario Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Release - Data 46; GIS data in Arcview, ArcExplorer and AutoCAD formats. Ayer, J.A. and Trowell, N.F. 1998: Geological compilation of the Timmins area, Abitibi greenstone belt; Ontario Geological Survey, Preliminary Map P. 3379, scale 1:100 000. Ayer, J.A.; Trowell, N.F.; Madon, Z.; Wilson, A.; Messier, L.; McIlraith, S.J. 1998: Geological compilation of the Timmins area, Abitibi greenstone belt; Ontario Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Release - Data 36; GIS data in Arcview and AutoCAD formats. Gupta, V.K. 1996: Ontario airborne magnetic and electromagnetic surveys: Archean and Proterozoic "greenstone" belts; in Summary of Field Work and Other Activities 1996, Ontario Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Paper 166, p.168-176. 1995: Processing of airborne magnetic and electromagnetic surveys-progress report; in Summary of Field Work and Other Activities 1995, Ontario Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Paper 164, p.299-300. Heather, K.B., Shore, G.T. and van Breemen, O. 1995:The convoluted "layer-cake": an old recipe with new ingredients for the Swayze greenstone belt, southern Superior Province, Ontario; in Current Research 1995-C, Geological Survey of Canada, p. 1-10 Jackson, S.L. and Fyon, J.A. 1991:The western Abitibi Subprovince in Ontario; in Geology of Ontario, Ontario Geological Survey, Special Volume 4, Part 1, p. 404-482.