Selected References for Further Research

Articles available online are linked here. Other articles may be available online through your university library system.

Primary Sources

American Medical Association. Nostrums and Quackery: Articles on the Nostrum Evil and Quackery Reprinted from the Journal of the American Medical Association. Chicago: Press of American Medical Association, 1911.

Beard, George Miller. Practical Treatise on Nervous Exhaustion (Neurasthenia). New York: Kraus Reprint, 1971.

Cruikshank, Omar T. Electro-therapy in the Abstract for the Busy Practitioner. Philadelphia: The Dando Company, 1917.
                                         
Cumberbatch, Elkin. Essentials of Medical Electricity. St. Louis, C. V. Mosby Co., 1924.

Fishbein, Morris. Fads and Quackery in Healing: an Analysis of the Foibles of the Healing Cults, with Essays on Various other Peculiar Notions in the Health Field. New York: Covici, Friede, 1932.

Garratt, Alfred Charles. Electro-physiology and Electro-therapeutics; Showing the Best Methods for the Medical Uses of Electricity. Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1860.

Grover, Burton. Handbook of Electrotherapy for Practitioners and Students. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis Company, 1926.

Guilleminot, W. H. Handbook of Electricity in Medicine. New York: London, Rebman Company, 1906.

Kovacs, Richard.  Electrotherapy and the Elements of Light Therapy. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1932.

Massey, George Betton. Conservative Gynecology and Electro-therapeutics: a Practical Treatise on the Diseases of Women and their Treatment by Electricity. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis Company, 1905.

Neiswanger, Charles Sherwood. Electro-therapeutical Practice; a Ready Reference Guide for Physicians in the Use of Electricity. Chicago: Ritchie and Company, 1912.

Palmer, H.  On the Application of Localised Galvanism in the Treatment of Disease. Toronto: Blackburn's City Steam Press, 1863.

Redding, J. Magnus. Aids to Electro-therapeutics. Toronto: Macmillan Co., 1920.

Rice, May Cushman. Electricity in Gynecology: the Practical Uses of Electricity in Diseases of Women. Chicago: L. I. Laing and Co., 1912.

Secondary Sources

Conner, J. T. H. “Medical Technology in Victorian Canada.” Canadian Bulletin of Medical History 3, 1 (1986): 97-123. [ http://www.cbmh.ca/archive/00000102/ ]

Connor, J. T. H. and Felicity Pope. “A Shocking Business: The Technology and Practice of Electrotherapeutics in Canada, 1840s to 1940s.” Material History Review 49 (1999): 60-70.

De La Pena, Carolyn Thomas. The Body Electric: How Strange Machines Build the Modern American. New York:  New York University Press, 2003.

Greenway, John L. “‘Nervous Disease:’ and Electric Medicine.” In Pseudo-Science and Society in Nineteenth-Century America. Ed. Arthur Wrobel. Pp. 46-73.  Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1987.

Longo, Lawrence. “Electrotherapy in Gynecology: The American Experience.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine 60, 3 (1986): 343-66.    

Maines, Rachel P. The Technology of Orgasm: “Hysteria,” the Vibrator, and Women's Sexual Satisfaction. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999.       

Rosner, Lisa. “The Professional Context of Electrotherapeutics.” Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 43, 1 (1988): 64-82.

Rowbottom, Margaret and Charles Susskind. Electricity and Medicine: A History of their Interaction. San Francisco: San Francisco Press, Inc., 1984.