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THE PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF CERVICAL SPINE TRACTION: A LITERATURE REVIEW Shana Magee
Abstract: Cervical spine traction is a common conservative treatment method chosen by physiotherapists to treat neck symptoms. The purpose of this paper was to review the literature regarding the physiological effects of cervical spine traction. References were obtained through a search of the MEDLINE and CINAHL databases. Additional studies were obtained from the references listed in the articles identified. Unpublished articles and case studies were not included. There is evidence that cervical spine traction causes separation of the vertebral bodies in the cervical spine and increased foraminal space. Separation of facets joints, increased joint range of motion, and a reduction in neck pain have also been shown. There is conflicting evidence regarding the effect of cervical traction on EMG activity of neck musculature. Cervical traction decreased blood pressure and slightly increased heart rate in healthy patients in one study. Further research studies using randomized-controlled design are needed to determine the physiological effects of cervical traction. A better understanding of the physiological effects of cervical spine traction will result in increased evidence-based clinical decision-making. Clinicians can use this information to determine the appropriateness of traction as a treatment method for their clients.