COURSE OUTLINE: - GEOLOGY 200A
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Course: Tectonics and Lithology
Instructor: - Professor W.R. Church
Teaching Assistant: - Lisa Munro
Lectures: - Tuesday 9-10 am, room WSC-240; Thursday 9-10 am, room WSC-240
Labs: - Section 002 Tuesday 2-5, room B&G 129; Section 003 Wednesday 2-5, B&G 129
Prerequisites: Earth Sciences 020; or one of Earth Sciences 081a, 083F, and one of 082b, 084b
CLICK HERE TO GO TO LECTURE SCHEDULE
CLICK HERE TO GO TO FIGURES/OVERHEADS SECTION
The main aim of course ES 200a is to provide students with an understanding of how the Earth 'works' in terms of the dynamic processes that have lead to the development of the Earth's more important tectonic environments - the upper mantle, rift zones, passive continental margins, ocean basins, mid-ocean ridges, oceanic and continental margin arcs, collisional and extensional zones, and the accretionary lower and upper continental crust - and to impart the vocabulary needed to rationally discuss the fundamental geological concepts of chemical fractionation, material mixing, sedimentation, physical volcanism, rock deformation and metamorphism, meteorite impact, crust formation, and the genesis of mineral deposits and energy reserves. In the laboratory part of the course, students will learn how to use rock assemblages, and their distribution pattern as seen on geologic maps, to establish the processes involved in their genesis - and consequently the identity of the tectonic environment in which they formed.
Since the lab component of the course involves the examination of rocks in hand specimen, and since the ability to identify a rock depends on one's competence in identifying the minerals forming the rock, the course will begin with a review of the physical and chemical properties of the common rock forming minerals, and of the established schemes of rock classification. A 'mineralogy' test will be administered within the first three weeks of the course (Sept 24th), and a 'lithology' test on Oct 17th.
Students will also be introduced to data management and computerized mapping (GIS) through use of the Geological Survey of Canada's data base software package 'FIELDLOG', and the analysis of lithologic maps will be demonstrated using maps of the Ewart-Forgie and Hyman-Drury townships of Ontario. As an introduction to the concept of crustal accretion, but also in preparation for the Earth Science mapping course Geology 250Y, the course will conclude with a review of the Archean and Proterozoic geology of northern Ontario.
Lab sessions are three hours long, and attendance is mandatory (a record of attendance and competence will be kept by the lab T.A.; see p. 23 of the Academic Calendar, concerning 'Attendance').
Please note: students will not be allowed to arbitrarily switch lab sections during the course.
TEXT BOOKS
There is no required text to be purchased for the course because none exists. Lecture outlines and many of the overheads (GIF format) used in the lectures will however be available for consultation and downloading at the course web site:
http://instruct.uwo.ca/earth-sci/200a-001/200outl.htm
Caveat: the web site is coldware/courseware not warmware/learnware, and is provided as a service to facilitate access to the factual and graphical material used in lectures; its existence should not be used as an excuse by students to absent themselves from class!!! Lectures are used as a means of providing explanation and promoting discussion, and only secondarily for the purpose of conveying information. Participation in class and laboratory activities is therefore a formal requirement.
The course instructor may also be contacted by E-mail at:
EVALUATION
Student evaluation will include a mineralogy test (worth 10%), two short answer tests (each worth 10%) dealing with geological (including Fieldlog) terminology, a lab test worth 25%, and a final essay type examination (worth 45%) which will cover all course material (terminology, classification, geography, and concepts).
PREREQUISITE KNOWLEDGE
In order to fully participate in this course, students should be able to:
1) identify the most common igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rock types;
2) distinguish the main plate tectonic processes and environments;
3) know the names and valency of the most common elements in the Periodic Table;
4) recite the Geological Time-Scale;
5) construct cross-sections from geologic maps;
6) use a computer running under Windows 95, 98, NT, 2000, Me.
LECTURE SCHEDULE
Sep 05 Thur - 01. Introduction.
Click here to go to lecture 2.
Click here to go to lecture 3.
Click here to go to igneous lecture 4.
Click here to go to sedimentary lecture 5.
Click here to go to metamorphic lecture 6.
Click here to go to lecture 7.
Click here to go to lecture 8.
Click here to go to lecture 9.
Click here to go to lecture 10.
Click here to go to lecture 13.
Click here to go to lab 'Describing Rocks'.
Click here to take the rock identification
self-test
Click here to go to lecture 14.
Click here to go to lab 1, the 'rift/passive
margin lab'.
Click here to go to lecture 15.
Click here to go to lecture 16.
Click here to go to lab 2, the 'ophiolite'
lab.
Click here to go to lecture 17.
Click here to go to lecture 18.
Click here to go to lab 3, the 'arc' lab.
Click here to go to lecture 19.
Click here to go to lecture 20.
Click here to go to lab 4, the 'blueschist/granite'
lab.
Click here to go to lecture 22.
Click here to go to lab 5, the 'deformed rocks' lab.
Click here to go to the 'polydeformation'
notes.
Click here to go to lecture 23.
Click here to go to lecture 24.
Click here to go to lab 6 'Archean/Lower Proterozoic'.
Click here to go to lecture 25.
FIGURES
Figure 3. The Basalt Tetrahedron.
Figure 4. Classification of ultramafic and gabbroic rocks.
Figure 5. Crystallization of igneous rocks.
Figure 6. Classification of granitic rocks.
Figure 7. Classification of the anorthosite suite.
Figure 8. Classification of sandstones.
Figure 9. The Brittle-Ductile transition.
Figure 10. Metamorphic facies.
Figure 11. Dynamothermal metamoprhism.
Figure 12. The geosynclinal model.
Figure 13. Magnetic structure and transform faults.
Figure 14. Plate map of the world.
Figure 15. Sea floor spreading and orogenic models of Dietz.
Figure 16. DSDP drilling results in the Pacific.
Figure 17. The principle of conservation of surface area.
Figure. Passive and Active continental margins.
Figure. Mantle Plumes and rifting.
Figure. The Afar Triangle rift system.
Figure. Seismic structure of the Atlantic.
Location of MacQuarrie Island.
Geological map of Newfoundland.
The Bay of Islands ophiolite complex of Western Newfoundland.
Formation of oceanic crust at a spreading centre.
The Phanerozoic development of the Andean continental margin.
Karig's Model of arc development.
Ophiolites (Slide Mountain terrane) in the northern Canadian Cordillera.
Stevens' model of obduction in Western Newfoundland.
Ordovician obduction history of Western Newfoundland.
Topography and Crustal Thickness.
Structural Provinces of North America.